• NOS is classified into three

  2022-11-03

  

  NOS is classified into three isoforms: endothelial (eNOS), neuronal (nNOS), and inducible (iNOS), iNOS is expressed in macrophages (Eisenstein, Huang, Meissler Jr, & al-Ramadi, 1994) and osteoblast-like cells (Riancho et al., 1995) and is involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions (Eisenst

• The elevated levels of intracellular

  2022-11-03

  

  The elevated levels of intracellular antioxidant such as reduced glutathione (GSH) are normally oberserved is various tumor Methoxyresorufin synthesis which confers the chemoresistant to chemotherapy [59]. Therefore, the induction of oxidative stress via elevation of intracellular ROS and dimunitio

• Although many factors influence the effects of

  2022-11-02

  

  Although many factors influence the effects of medications, during recent years it has become evident that genetic factors could explain the differences between individuals in drug response. These differences are due to variants in genes encoding drug targets [8]. The challenge for pharmacogenetics

• Asparagine synthetase ASNS is a glutamine amidotransferase t

  2022-11-01

  

  Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) is a glutamine amidotransferase that catalyzes ATP-dependent synthesis of asparagine and glutamate from aspartate and glutamine. Upregulation of ASNS expression renders leukemia cells resistant to l-asparaginase treatment, and ASNS is essential for cell survival in the a

• Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase br Acknowledgements

  2022-11-01

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Diabetic complications are responsible for increased morbidity and mortality of diabetic patients. Increased flow of Caspase-3, human recombinant proteinase through the polyol pathway under conditions of hyperglycemia contributes to the development of diabetic c

• Cancer stem cells CSCs may have

  2022-11-01

  

  Cancer stem cells (CSCs) may have been first identified in teratocarcinomas [11], [12], with its initial clues date back to the 19th century [13]. Kleinsmith and Pierce [12] established the immortal pluripotent teratocarcinoma lines from a single transplanted multi-potent malignant cell, strongly su

• According to average serum fat content

  2022-11-01

  

  According to average serum fat content of 6.9 g/L (Phillips et al., 1989) and serum dioxin level from individuals exposed to dioxins as the result of accidents in Seveso (Needham et al., 1997), Taiwan (Guo et al., 2004) and Vietnam (The Tai et al., 2011) the median serum concentration of TCDD would

• In the search for more specific inhibitors

  2022-11-01

  

  In the search for more specific inhibitors of uptake2, Iversen and Salt (1970) speculated that steroids may potentiate the actions of catecholamines on vascular smooth muscle by inhibiting uptake2-mediated catecholamine clearance of the transmitters. They went on to demonstrate that a variety of st

• AdipoRon acts on the anti diabetic effects of adiponectin ex

  2022-11-01

  

  AdipoRon acts on the anti-diabetic effects of adiponectin, exhibiting its effect through the activation of AMPK and PPARα pathways via AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, respectively [23]. AdipoR activation is a promising treatment for diabetes, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and cardiovascular disease, demons

• In pioneering work from Ikeda

  2022-11-01

  

  In 2006, pioneering work from Ikeda and colleagues showed that GMF localizes to and regulates the nefiracetam cytoskeleton (see Glossary), and noted its sequence similarity to ADF/cofilin[11]. In 2009, the structure of GMF [6] was solved, revealing it to be a bona fide member of the actin depolymer

• are the squared cross validation coefficients

  2022-11-01

  

  are the squared cross-validation coefficients for leave-one-out, bootstrapping and leave group out respectively. R2 is the squared correlation coefficient, is the adjusted R2 and F is Fisher F-statistic. All values in parentheses are standard deviations. The prediction results which w

• The nAChR has been considered an interesting potential targe

  2022-11-01

  

  The α7 nAChR has been considered an interesting potential target for numerous therapeutic indications over the last two decades, with GTS-21 one of the first candidates proposed for Alzheimer's disease [2], [3], [23]. Unfortunately, although many α7-selective agonists have been developed [21], none

• Concerning asthma in a study evaluating the effect of tiotro

  2022-11-01

  

  Concerning asthma, in a study evaluating the effect of tiotropium in severe asthma, the sputum eosinophil count and exhaled nitric oxide were also assessed. However, evaluation of the anti-inflammatory effect of tiotropium was difficult because these markers were low at baseline and thereafter. In a

• br Funding br Introduction l Dihydroxyphenylalanine l DOPA

  2022-11-01

  

  Funding Introduction l-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine (l-DOPA) is the gold-standard treatment for the motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD); however, its chronic use induces severe motor complications that eventually limit its long-term efficacy (Bastide et al., 2015). The most disabling side

• br Materials and methods All animal experiments were perform

  2022-11-01

  

  Materials and methods All animal experiments were performed using the recommendations of the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Research Council, 2011) and approved by the University of Colorado—Denver Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Adult male Sprague—Dawley

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